We reported a case of hydatid cyst of the liver ruptured in the biliary tract, which raised differential diagnosis

problems with a hepatic abscess. A 44-year-old woman was admitted in the surgical unit for acute cholangitis. Her physical examination found a temperature at 38°C, jaundice, and tenderness of the right upper quadrant. White blood cell count was 13 600/mm3 and the level of C-reactive protein was elevated (372 mg/L). Liver function tests showed cholestasis (direct/total bilirubin = 48.7/63.5 μmol/L; γ-glutamyl Luminespib supplier transpeptidase = 800 UI/L). The computed tomography scan showed a marked dilation of the common and intrahepatic bile duct associated to a single uni-loculated low-density area within the segment 6 of the liver with inner enhanced rim and outer hypodense zone, giving the appearance Ferrostatin-1 of double-target sign (Fig. 1). Whilst these findings were suggestive of a liver abscess, the diagnosis of a ruptured hepatic hydatid cyst into the biliary tract was raised due to the presence of peripheral calcifications (Fig. 1), a linear structure in the common bile duct (Fig. 1) and a cysto-biliary fistula (Fig. 2). At laparotomy, there was an infected hydatid cyst with partially detached pericyst explaining the double-target sign. Intraoperative cholangiography

showed daughter vesicles in the common bile duct, without opacification of cystobiliary fistula (Fig. 3). Total pericystectomy was performed associated with choledochotomy, extraction of

hydatid material, and t-tube drainage. The postoperative course was uneventful. The intrabiliary rupture of hydatid cyst is the most frequent complication of the hepatic hydatid cyst. Its incidence is about 12.2%. The migration of hydatid material is done through a large cystobiliary fistula, which requires a specific treatment. In this case, the fistula was not found, probably due to the inflammation caused by the infection of the cyst. “
“A complete history and physical examination will indicate to the clinician several clues with regard to both etiology and severity of any liver disease. Initial assessment and workup of liver disease involves widely available blood tests to determine hepatocellular versus cholestatic liver disease. medchemexpress Liver function tests such as INR and total bilirubin confirm the degree of liver synthetic dysfunction and indicate the need for liver transplantation, particularly in those with acute liver failure. A carefully performed abdominal ultrasound can detect, but not exclude, cirrhosis. Evaluation of the degree of liver dysfunction can be made with simple blood tests. At present, liver biopsy, despite its limitations, remains the gold standard for evaluation of hepatic fibrosis. Non-invasive testing, including FibroTest and FibroScan, may reduce the need for biopsy, but they have not been validated across the spectrum of liver disease.