The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 6 replications, 10 plants per plot and spacing of 2 m x 2 m. The individual narrow-sense heritability ((h) over cap (2)(1)) and heritability of progeny means ((h) over cap (2)(mp)) were mean and high, respectively, for all variables at the three sites, indicating little environmental influence on the variables. The within and between selection method proved more promising in Jau, while at the other locations, gains were higher by the Multi-Effect Index, with genetic gain of over 100%. The combined selection obtained medium gains, in some cases very close to those of the Multi-Effect
Index. The multi-effect selection index can increase the genetic gains, maximizing selection and enabling a reduction in the breeding cycle of the species. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Objectives: To estimate intracellular calcium Adriamycin AZD1208 in vivo changes in gentamicin (GM) ototoxicity using calcium imaging. To investigate GM-induced physiologic changes in auditory cells
including cell viability, apoptosis, and oxidative stress.
Methods: Varying concentrations of GM were applied to the HEI-OC1 cochlear cell line. Calcium imaging tracked changes in intracellular calcium concentration during GM cytotoxicity. Cell viability and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels also were measured.
Results: Little change in calcium levels occurred in HEI-OC1 cells exposed to less than 35 mM GM. However, calcium rose continuously Fludarabine nmr in cells exposed to more than 60 mM GM. With administration of intermediate concentrations of 40 or 50 mM GM, calcium increased variably in different cells, returning to baseline in some cases, or rising continuously in others. Upon increase of GM concentration, intracellular calcium concentration and ROS were increased, and cell viability was decreased due to late apoptosis.
Conclusion: This study shows that GM increased intracellular
calcium, ROS, and late apoptosis of HEI-OC1 cells derived from cochlear tissue. Increase of intracellular calcium is related to GM-induced apoptosis and oxidative stress. Calcium imaging can be used to determine change of intracellular calcium concentrations and apoptosis in GM ototoxicity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common neoplasm of the oral cavity. It is aggressive, highly proliferative, and metastatic. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of LLLT and imiquimod on DMBA chemically induced lesions on the oral mucosa of hamsters. SCCs were induced on 25 hamsters. Animals of G1 (control 1) were killed and the presence of tumors confirmed; G2 (control 2) suffered no interventions for additional 4 weeks; animals of G3 (laser treatment) were irradiated (lambda 660nm, 50 mW, CW, = 3 mm, 0.07 cm(2), 714.2 mW/cm(2), 133 s, 95 J/cm(2), 6.