Results: Out of the 14,462 newborns screened, 2,647 were premature with gestational age <32 weeks and/or VLB. Forty-four cases of altered TSH were found and 11 infants underwent treatment. Delayed TSH elevation was detected in 66% of altered cases. Five out of the 11 cases were detected

in the second sample and five cases were only detected in the third sample.

Conclusion: The high prevalence of thyroid function alterations that demanded treatment (1:242) and delayed TSH elevation in VLB premature infants reinforce the need for a specific protocol, based on retesting procedures, for CH neonatal screening.”
“Background Guidelines for prostate cancer (PCa) screening recommend physicians to have an informational discussion with patients. 3-Methyladenine At the Hedgehog inhibitor time of biopsy, patients should be informed of their heightened PCa risk, particularly African Americans (AA) who have significantly higher diagnostic and mortality risk. We tested predictors of patients’ estimation of their likelihood of having PCa at the time of biopsy. Methods A convenience sample of AA (n=207) and white (n=271) biopsy patients was surveyed at the time of prostate biopsy. Participants gave likelihood estimations

of having PCa and data on their socio-demographics, health, clinical status, and general and PCa-specific anxiety. Binary logistic regressions tested for predictors of the patients’ estimations and biopsy results. Results Fifty-one percent of AA men answered that they had a 0%’ likelihood of having PCa versus 19% of whites, whereas 57% of AA men had abnormal biopsies compared with 42% of whites. In logistic regressions, predictors of patient answers of 0% chance of PCa were AA ethnicity (OR=4.50; p<0.001), lower cancer-specific anxiety (OR=0.93; p<0.01), less education (OR=2.38; p<0.05), and less urinary disturbance (OR=0.70; p<.05). In a second regression, AA patients SB-715992 purchase trended towards higher positive

biopsy rates (OR=1.43; p=0.17). Conclusions At biopsy, AA more often estimated their likelihood of PCa as 0%, despite higher risks. Reasons for these low estimates and their potential contribution to poor treatment outcomes of AA patients require further investigation. Copyright (c) 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“Death from end-stage liver disease (ESLD) because of chronic hepatitis B and C has become in increasing problem in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients in the last years. This is mainly because of the dramatic decrease of HIV-related morbidity and mortality since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Although the data on the outcome of liver transplantation in HIV-infected recipients with ESLD is limited, over-all results seem comparable to HIV-infected recipients.