In addition, fast-scan cyclic voltammetry revealed that bHRs had more spontaneous dopamine ‘release events’ in the core of the nucleus accumbens than bLRs. Thus, bHRs exhibit parallels to ‘externalizing disorders’ in humans, representing a genetic animal model of addiction vulnerability associated Selleck Silmitasertib with a propensity to attribute incentive salience to reward-related cues, behavioral disinhibition, and increased

dopaminergic ‘tone.’ Neuropsychopharmacology (2010) 35, 388-400; doi: 10.1038/npp.2009.142; published online 30 September 2009″
“Introduction. – Neurological manifestations of celiac disease are rare and polymorphic. Similar to lesions of the digestive tract, the standard treatment includes steroids.\n\nCase report. – A 41-year-old woman, followed up for celiac disease resistant to gluten-free diet, developed rapidly spastic paraparesis, cerebellar syndrome, horizontal diplopia and decline of visual acuity. The diagnosis of neurological complications of celiac disease

was established and the patient was treated with methylprednisolone, followed by oral prednisone. For 9 years, the patient’s neurological status remained stabilized with a prednisone dose at 20 mg per click here day. The patient relapsed when progressive reduction of prednisone dose was attempted; neurological and gastrointestinal signs worsening at 15 mg per day; increasing the dose to 30 mg improved the clinical status.\n\nDiscussion. – The mechanism of onset of neurological disease remains unknown. Immunological, nutritional, toxic or metabolic factors could be involved. The positive response to corticosteroids observed in this patient suggest an immunological mechanism. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“BACKGROUND: The Blalock-Taussig shunt (BTS) was introduced 68 years ago before open repair of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) was possible. The originally described technique has undergone many modifications but remains an integral component FDA approved Drug Library of the management of cyanotic CHD. We report our contemporary,

single institution experience with the BTS.\n\nSTUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective review of all patients treated with a BTS from June 1995 to December 2011.\n\nRESULTS: There were 730 BTS performed in 712 patients; 727 (99.6%) by interposition graft (modified). The BTS was predominantly right-sided (n = 657, 90%). Median age and weight at palliation were 8 days (range 0 days to 18.5 years) and 3.2 kg (1.5 to 51 kg). Median hospital length of stay was 16 days (range 0 to 347 days). There were 241 (33%) BTS performed as initial palliation for ultimate 2-ventricle (2V) circulation, 471 (65%) as part of staged palliation for patients with functionally univentricular lesions (1V), 6 (1%) as a part of 1.5-ventricle palliation, and 12 (1%) for Ebstein’s anomaly.