igher IL 2 re lease, induced less IFN release. Within the different peptides, r156 stimulated the lowest IFN release. Discussion The incidence of head and neck carcinomas is in creasing worldwide and despite advances in their treat ment, the survival rate of patients with this type of cancer has not substantially selleck chemicals changed over the last two decades. Salivary gland carcinomas are head and neck tumors of heterogeneous morphology that require typical surgical and adjuvant therapy. Conservative surgery with nerve monitoring remains the state of the art. Adjuvant radio therapy is shown to increase local tumor activated caspase 3 polyclonal antibody after rV neuT or V wt Igs chronic treatment. Figure 4, Panel D shows detection of cleaved caspase 3 in SALTO cells.

The fraction of apoptotic cells was determined relative to cleaved caspase 3 positive cells. rV neuT purified Igs induced apoptosis in 19. 2% of SALTO cells. In comparison, treatment with V wt Igs triggered irrelevant SALTO cells apoptosis. Treatment of cells with 1 ug ml staurosporine resulted in 60% apoptotic cells. Overall, our results indicate that in vitro biological activ ity of rV neuT immune sera can provide the ability of rV neuT vaccinated mice of inter fering with tumor growth in vivo. control, but overall survival is not automatically enhanced. Thus, the development of novel therapies can supple ment the pharmaceutical armamentarium presently used for the treatment of HNC and salivary gland carcinomas. A significant tumor specific overe pression of all four ErbB receptors including EGFR, ErbB2, ErbB3, and ErbB4 has been reported in head and neck squamous cell carcin omas.

ErbB2 overe pression was ob served in about 20% of patients with salivary duct cancer, a rare high grade aggressive tumor subtype of salivary gland carcinoma. In agreement with both EGFR and ErbB2 overe pression, cetu imab and trastuzumab, which target EGFR and ErbB2, respectively, represent im portant tools for treatment of salivary gland carcinomas. Indeed, it was reported that a patient with SDC posi tive for ErbB2 had a complete objective response after combined treatment with paclita el, carboplatin, and tras tuzumab. Similarly, it was described a case of ErbB2 positive metastatic submandibular SDC with a complete and durable clinical response after treatment with trastu zumab in combination with chemotherapy.

In addition, resolution of measurable and minimal residual disease in a patient with salivary duct cancer treated with trastuzumab, lapatinib, and bevacizumab, with treatment ongoing for more than 2 years was observed. Thirteen patients with SDC and ErbB2 e pression were treated Dacomitinib with trastuzumab in adjuvant or palliative setting. It was reported that all patients with metastatic disease responded to treatment with trastuzumab. One patient achieved a selleck chemical complete response and remains with no evidence of disease 52 months after initiation of trastuzu mab. The median duration of response was 18 months. However,