2 (inter-quartile range, 4.4-16.9) ��g/mg was observed, while the median eGFR was 98 (inter-quartile range, 85-112) mL/min every 1.73 m2. One hundred and eighteen individuals had microalbuminuria (39.7%), including 44 (37.6%) HCV-positive non-diabetic, 58 (49.6%) HCV-positive diabetic, 7 (6.0%) control non-diabetic, and 8 (6.8%) control diabetic inhibitor Cisplatin subjects. Forty five individuals had high ACR (15.8%), including 13 (29.6%) HCV-positive non-diabetic, 25 (56.8%) HCV-positive diabetic, 2 (4.6%) control non-diabetic, and 4 (9.1%) control diabetic subjects. Only 15 (5.3%) had low eGFR, of whom there were 3 (20%) HCV-positive non-diabetic, 7 (46.7%) HCV-positive diabetic, 3 (20%) control non-diabetic, and 2 (13.3%) control diabetic subjects. Of 85 HCV patients who were on treatment, 44 (51.

8%) showed an ETR. Table Table11 demonstrates the study participants�� characteristics by HCV status. HCV-positive individuals had significantly higher ALT levels and higher microalbuminuria. No difference was detected in age, body mass index, urea, creatinine or gender (Table (Table11). Table 1 Study subjects characteristics by HCV status Microalbuminuria Levels of microalbuminuria were significantly higher among HCV-positive individuals than HCV-negative patients (median 9.5 vs 5.9, respectively, Kruskal-Wallis P = 0.017). A significantly higher prevalence of microalbuminuria (defined as albuminuria > upper tertile of the controls) was observed among HCV-positive individuals (53.7%) compared to HCV-negative individuals (31.8%), (��2 = 9.8, P = 0.002). Log microalbuminuria was significantly correlated with grade (r = 0.

13, P = 0.036), borderline correlated with older age (r = 0.11, P = 0.069) and more fibrosis (r = 0.12, P = 0.061), but not significantly associated with viral load (r = -0.03, P = 0.610), or ALT levels (r = -0.03, P = 0.617). There was no significant interaction between HCV status and diabetes such that the odds ratio (OR) of microalbuminuria among diabetics compared to non-diabetics was not significantly higher in HCV-positive individuals compared to HCV-negative controls (P for interaction = 0.720) (Table (Table22). Table 2 Renal insufficiency in diabetics compared with non-diabetics among HCV-positive and HCV-negative controls For sensitivity analysis we restricted the analysis to non-diabetics.

Among non-diabetics, the prevalence of microalbuminuria was significantly higher in HCV-positive GSK-3 individuals (50%) compared to HCV-negative controls (25.8%) (��2 = 5.9, P = 0.015). Restricting the analysis to individuals with no cryoglobulinemia revealed that microalbuminuria was significantly higher in HCV-positive individuals (53.3%) compared to HCV-negative controls (31.8%) (��2 = 9.4, P = 0.002). To adjust for potential confounders and important covariates we employed multivariate regression to test for the significance of HCV as a predictor for microalbuminuria.