We used single-incision laparoscopic surgery

to laparoscopically assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH). We performed single-incision LAVH in ten patients and compared the operative results with the conventional multiport, multi-incision LAVH.

We began applying single-incision LAVH in July 2009 and completed this method for uterine myoma in ten cases. Operative time, weight of resected uterus, and body mass index (BMI) BLZ945 were recorded and compared to those of conventional multiport LAVH.

Comparative outcomes of single-incision LAVH versus conventional multiport LAVH were as follows. The mean operative time was 76 +/- A 15.5 versus 71.4 +/- A 21.7 min (P = 0.57). The mean weight of resected uterus was 366.3 +/- A 144 versus 354 +/- A 95.5 g (P = 0.85). BMI was 23.3 +/- A 2.75 versus 22.2 +/- A 3.76 kg/m(2) (P = 0.52). No significant difference was observed between single incision and conventional LAVH.

Single-incision

LAVH can be undertaken safely and with similar operative results to conventional multiport LAVH. We consider that it is a promising alternative method for the treatment of some patients with uterine myomas as incision-free gynecological operation.”
“Greece responded to the Habitats Directive aims, maintaining biodiversity through sustainable natural resource use, by establishing a network of protected areas. In implementing the European conservation policy, 27 management agencies were established in 61 Natura sites. To assess the effectiveness of the Greek state’s policy response we conducted 91 semi-structured Flavopiridol research buy interviews with state and non-state actors in the Greek conservation policy process. Following a grounded theory approach, we revealed national strategy as compromised by absence of conservation policy history, lack of state capacity, uncommunicated biological knowledge and lack of public participation. This strategy gap became apparent when appraising the decision making process in establishing a network of protected areas in terms of its interrelated activities. in particular, incomplete intelligence, ineffective promotion, irrational prescription

and discontinued and non-independent appraisal DUB inhibitor led to a break down in implementation and to policy failure. Lack of clear goals, and divergences between stated and actual goals led to bureaucratic interpretations of conservation objectives and distortion of decision processes in favour of satisfying economic and development interests. Given the importance of Greek biodiversity and governmental failure to confront this policy hiatus, we argue for specific actions at both member state and European level and, in particular, the formulation of a conservation strategy as an official part of an integrated Greek conservation policy, and the establishment of independent institutions staffed by qualified reviewers to evaluate and monitor member states conservation policies. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.