The frequency of fruits

and vegetables consumption at this age group was calculated based on the answers of the mothers or primary caregivers to the questions: “How often in the last week did your child consumed fruit?” and “How often in the last week did your child consume vegetables?”. The energy percentage from non-recommended foods was calculated from the 24-hour recall. According to the Brazilian Ministry of Health,3 the following foods are not recommended for consumption by children under 2 years of age: candies, lollipops, chocolates, cookies, jello, petit suisse cheese, chocolate milk, sausages, Roxadustat snacks, soft drinks, artificial juices, and foods with added sugar. While they answered the questionnaire, mothers also reported whether their children had consumed the abovementioned foods in the previous month. This information was used to classify the children according to the consumption of non-recommend foods into two groups: those who had consumed fewer than four and those who had consumed four types or more. The consumption of soft drinks and artificial juices was not considered in this group, as this information led to the creation of an additional group related to the consumption of sugary drinks. An anthropometric assessment of the mother, including

weight and height measurements to calculate body mass index (BMI), was performed. Maternal nutritional status was considered adequate when BMI < 25 kg/m2, and overweight see more when ≥ 25 kg/m2, according to

the classification of the World Health Organization.5 Dietary variables related to consumption of fruits and vegetables at this age group were calculated using data from 24-hour recalls. The amount (in grams) of fruits and vegetables consumed was verified, and it was then investigated whether at least a portion of each food category had been consumed. A portion was defined as 80 g for fruits and 60 g for vegetables.3 The recommendations for the consumption of fruits and vegetables consist in three daily servings of each food group.3 To calculate the fruit intake, the consumption of natural fruit juices was not considered; the consumption of vegetables considered the intake of legumes, green-leaf vegetables, and solid soup Protein kinase N1 contents. Potatoes were not considered in the group of vegetables, as they are traditionally allocated in the group of carbohydrate-rich foods, in accordance with Brazilian food guides.3 and 4 The data were double entered in SPSS, version 16.0 (Chicago, United States) and validated using Epi-Info®, version 6.4 (Atlanta, United States). Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS 16.0 software. Frequency analyses were performed to describe categorical variables with means and standard deviation for continuous variables.